Global Burden of Tuberculosis (TB)
Globally, 10 million people fell ill with TB in 2019. Of these, 7.1 million people were detected and officially notified.
8 countries had two-third of the people who shared Global Burden of Tuberculosis (TB) and developed TB in 2019
These countries are India, Indonesia, China, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and South Africa.
For Indian Burden of Tuberculosis Read Statistics of Tuberculosis (TB) in India
Distribution of TB Cases in 2019
- Men (≥15 years) – 56%
- Women (≥ 15 years) – 32%
- Children (<15 years) – 12%
Regional Distribution of people who developed TB in 2019
- South-East Asia – 44%
- Africa – 25%
- Western Pacific – 18%
- Eastern Mediterranean – 8.2%
- The Americas – 2.9%
- Europe – 2.5%
Tuberculosis (TB) is the No. 1 cause of death from a single infectious agent. TB is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. In 2019, there were 1.2 million deaths among HIV-negative people and 208000 deaths among HIV positive people.
0.5 million people developed Multi Drug Resistant/Rifampicin Resistant (MDR/RR-TB) in 2019. Only 38% were enrolled in treatment in 2019.
China, India and the Russian Federation accounted for about half of the global burden.
Treatment Success Rates
- New Cases – 85%
- MDR/RR-TB – 57%
TB Preventive Treatment
3.5 million people living with HIV started treatment in 2019. 433 thousand children (<5 years) who were household contacts started treatment in 2019. Only 33% of the 1.3 million estimated to be eligible. 105 thousand additional people in other age groups who were household contacts also started treatment.
No. of TB cases attributable to 5 risk factors in 2019
- Undernourishment – 2.2 million
- HIV infection – 0.8 million
- Alcohol Use Disorders – 0.7 million
- Smoking – 0.7 million
- Diabetes – 0.4 million
Annually, 13Billion US$ are required for TB prevention, Diagnosis and Care by 2022. Only 6.5 billion US$ was available in 2020, of which 85% was from domestic sources.
Status of New TB Diagnostics, Drugs AND Vaccines
- 1 Diagnostic test endorsed by WHO in 2020.
- 22 Drugs in clinical trials
- 14 Vaccines candidates in clinical trails
Key Points of Global Burden of Tuberculosis (TB)
- A total of 1.4 million people died from TB in 2019 (including 208000 people with HIV). Worldwide, TB is one of the top 10 causes of death and the leading cause of a single infectious agent (above HIV/AIDS).
- In 2019, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with tuberculosis(TB) worldwide. 5.6 million men, 3.2 million women and 1.2 million children. TB is present in all countries and age groups. But TB is curable and preventable.
- In 2019, 1.2 million children fell ill with TB globally. Child and adolescent TB is often overlooked by health providers and can be difficult to diagnose and treat.
- In 2019, the 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 87% of new TB cases. Eight countries account for two-thirds of the total, with India leading the count, followed by Indonesia, China, the Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and South Africa.
- Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) remains a public health crisis and a health security threat. A global total of 206030 people with multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB) were detected and notified in 2019, a 10% increase from 186 883 in 2018.
- Globally, TB incidence is falling at about 2% per year and between 2015 and 2019 the cumulative reduction was 9%. This was less than halfway to the End TB Strategy milestone of 20% reduction between 2015 and 2020.
- An estimated 60 million lives were saved through TB diagnosis and treatment between 2000 and 2019.
- Ending the TB epidemic by 2030 is among the health targets of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Covid-19 Pandemic threatened to increase the burden of TB disease and has already caused major disruptions to essential TB treatment and prevention services.
